The Forensic Chiropractor

How to make sure there age degenerative changes on x-ray.

The Diagnostic Value of an X‐ray‐based Scoring System for Degeneration of the Cervical Spine: A Reproducibility and Validation Study  by Maarten VanErd et al published in the Pain Practice Journal 2021. 

Lumbar AOMSI

A biomechanical analysis of the clinical stability of the lumbar and lumbosacral spine by IRA Posner et al.  This was published in the spine journal in 1982.  
Clinical biomechanics of the spine 2nd edition by Augustus A. White III and Manohar Panjabi.  
 

Modic changes and treatment

Transforaminal Epiduroscopic Basivertebral Nerve Laser Ablation for Chronic Low Back Pain Associated with Modic Changes: A preliminary Open-Label Study.   

Facet Joints & Soft Tissue

Prevalence of Facet Joint Pain in Chronic Spinal Pain of Cervical, Thoracic and lumbar regions by laxmaiah macnhikanti et al published in the BMC musculoskeletal disorders journal in 2004.  

SOFT TISSUE

Tendon and Ligament: development, Repai and Disease by Samuel Tozer and Delphine Duprez in the Birth Defects Research Journal 2005.  

Difference between old and young patients with ligament damage.

When to order MRIs and other advanced imaging.

Objectively showing ligament damage that is not AOMSI with special guest Melody Bateman

Characteristics of Sagittal vertebral Alignment in Flexion Determined by Dynamic Radiographs of the Cervical Spine.  Published in the Spine Journal 2001.  This study shows an objective way to see if damage to the cervical spine has occurred and when patients fall out of the normal healthy population.  

No damage to the vehicle.

Can patients be hurt in MVC's with no damage to the vehicle?
Published in the 2001 Orthopedic trauma surgery journal titled Risk factors for long-term treatment of whiplash injury in Japan: analysis of 400 cases by Akihiko Hijjioka et al.  

Do low speed no damage collisions create the same injury potential as normal daily activities?

Low speed collisions with no or minimal damage are 2,000 times more likely to cause injury compared to normal daily activities.  
 
Today’s study was published in 2021 in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health by Paul nolet, larry Nordhoff, Vicki Kristman, Arthur Croft, Maurice Zeegers and Michael Freeman.  The article is titled Is Acceleration a Valid Proxy for Injury Risk in Minimal Damage Traffic Crashes? A Comparative Review of Volunteer, ADL and Real-World Studies .